Last week in 5th grade math, we shifted our focus from multiplication of fractions to division of fractions.This process began by learning how to divide whole numbers by unit fractions. After modeling a few examples, the students quickly made an interesting observation. They realized that when dividing a whole number by a fraction, their answer was larger than what they started with. This challenged their prior knowledge on division.
In order to understand why this works, the students learned multiple strategies. The easiest way for students to conceptualize how the answer could get larger was to look at a visual model. We practiced representing different division equations through a visual model. That led the students to make a discovery about the numbers in the equation and the quotient.
That led right into our second strategy of creating like units in order to divide by a fraction. The students quickly caught on to the different strategies and developed a preference for one strategy over the other.
To give students an opportunity to practice this new concept, we “gamified” our math class.
The students worked cooperatively in their math teams to solve 18 different division problems. With each problem answered correctly, the students added that problem as a link to their team chain. The goal was to complete their chain as quickly as they can. They used the structure Showdown to ensure that all students were actively engaged and solving each problem. It was so wonderful to see students working together, coaching, and encouraging throughout the entire game. No one cared if they were the first team to finish, or the last. Everyone’s goal was to complete all 18 problems together as a team. The students thought they won by getting to play a game in math, but little did they know that they really won because they were engaged in practice of a very important mathematical concept. I’d call it a successful day for everyone!
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